Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Original Articles

Pulmonary Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia with Mass-Formation: Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Nine Cases and Review of the Literature: Jongmin Sim, Hyun Hee Koh, Sangjoon Choi, Jinah Chu, Tae Sung Kim, Hojoong Kim, Joungho Han; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(4):211-218. Published online June 15, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.04.27

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Background
Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (PNLH) is a non-neoplastic pulmonary lymphoid disorder that can be mistaken for malignancy on radiography. Herein, we present nine cases of PNLH, emphasizing clinicoradiological findings and histological features.
Methods
We analyzed radiological and clinicopathological features from the electronic medical records of nine patients (eight females and one male) diagnosed with PNLH. IgG and IgG4 immunohistochemical staining was performed in three patients.
Results
Two of the nine patients had experienced tuberculosis 40 and 30 years prior, respectively. Interestingly, none were current smokers, although two were ex-smokers. Three patients complaining of persistent cough underwent computed tomography of the chest. PNLH was incidentally discovered in five patients during examination for other reasons. The remaining patient was diagnosed with the disease following treatment for pneumonia. Imaging studies revealed consolidation or a mass-like lesion in eight patients. First impressions included invasive adenocarcinoma and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue‒type lymphoma. Aspergillosis was suspected in the remaining patient based on radiological images. Resection was performed in all patients. Microscopically, the lesions consisted of nodular proliferation of reactive germinal centers accompanied by infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages in various degrees and surrounding fibrosis. Ultimately, all nine patients were diagnosed with PNLH and showed no evidence of recurrence on follow-up.
Conclusions
PNLH is an uncommon but distinct entity with a benign nature, and understanding the radiological and clinicopathological characteristics of PNLH is important.

Citations

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Pulmonary Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia Evaluated with Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Findings: A Case Report and Review of the Literature on Japanese Patients
Sakiko Moriyama, Takashi Kido, Noriho Sakamoto, Mai Fuchigami, Takatomo Tokito, Daisuke Okuno, Takuto Miyamura, Shota Nakashima, Atsuko Hara, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Yoshitaka Imaizumi, Kazuto Tsuruda, Katsunori Yanagihara, Junya Fukuoka, Hiroshi Mukae
Internal Medicine.2023; 62(1): 95. CrossRef
A Case of Pulmonary Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia Responding to Corticosteroid Treatment
Jonathan Teow Koon Goh, Issam Al Jajeh, Jessica Han Ying Tan
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia presenting as cavitating lung mass
Aqeel Alameer, Chary Duraikannu, Avinash Kumar Kanodia, David Dorward
BMJ Case Reports.2023; 16(8): e254121. CrossRef
Clinicopathological Characteristics and Curative Effect of Lymphoma Based on Sampling Theory
Shuxiang Ding, Leipo Liu
Mathematical Problems in Engineering.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef
Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia presenting as multifocal subsolid nodules: A case report and literature review
Yoon Jin Cha, Duk Hwan Moon, Ji Hyun Park, Sungsoo Lee, Ji Ae Choi, Tae Hoon Kim, Chul Hwan Park
Respiratory Medicine Case Reports.2022; 36: 101581. CrossRef
Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia in a 53-year-old man with malignant sign: a case report
Zhen Yang, Lianshuang Wei, Xu Li, Xin Liu
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
The diagnostic challenge of adenocarcinoma in pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia
Anita Savić Vuković, Melita Kukuljan, Morana Dinter, Ksenija Jurinović, Nives Jonjić
SAGE Open Medical Case Reports.2021; 9: 2050313X2110393. CrossRef

Molecular Screening of Small Biopsy Samples Using Next-Generation Sequencing in Korean Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Korean Lung Cancer Consortium (KLCC-13-01): Bo Mi Ku, Mi Hwa Heo, Joo-Hang Kim, Byoung Chul Cho, Eun Kyung Cho, Young Joo Min, Ki Hyeong Lee, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Tae Jung Kim, Ho Yun Lee, Hojoong Kim, Kyung-Jong Lee, Myung-Ju Ahn; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):148-156. Published online March 26, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.03.12

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Abstract PDF

Background
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common type of cancer with poor prognosis. As individual cancers exhibit unique mutation patterns, identifying and characterizing gene mutations in NSCLC might help predict patient outcomes and guide treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical adequacy of molecular testing using next-generation sequencing (NGS) for small biopsy samples and characterize the mutational landscape of Korean patients with advanced NSCLC.
Methods
DNA was extracted from small biopsy samples of 162 patients with advanced NSCLC. Targeted NGS of genomic alterations was conducted using Ion AmpliSeq Cancer Hotspot Panel v2.
Results
The median age of patients was 64 years (range, 32 to 83 years) and the majority had stage IV NSCLC at the time of cancer diagnosis (90%). Among the 162 patients, 161 patients (99.4%) had novel or hotspot mutations (range, 1 to 21 mutated genes). Mutations were found in 41 genes. Three of the most frequently mutated genes were TP53 (151, 93.2%), KDR (104, 64.2%), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; 69, 42.6%). We also observed coexistence of EGFR and other oncogene (such as KRAS, PIC3CA, PTEN, and STK11) mutations. Given that 69.6% (48/69) of EGFR mutant patients were treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, EGFR mutant status had higher prognostic ability in this study.
Conclusions
These results suggest that targeted NGS using small biopsy samples is feasible and allows for the detection of both common and rare mutations in NSCLC.

Citations

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Worldwide Prevalence of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Barbara Melosky, Kato Kambartel, Maik Häntschel, Margherita Bennetts, Dana J. Nickens, Julia Brinkmann, Antonin Kayser, Michael Moran, Federico Cappuzzo
Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy.2022; 26(1): 7. CrossRef
Landscape of EGFR mutations in lung adenocarcinoma: a single institute experience with comparison of PANAMutyper testing and targeted next-generation sequencing
Jeonghyo Lee, Yeon Bi Han, Hyun Jung Kwon, Song Kook Lee, Hyojin Kim, Jin-Haeng Chung
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Suitability of transbronchial brushing cytology specimens for next‐generation sequencing in peripheral lung cancer
Naoki Furuya, Shingo Matsumoto, Kazutaka Kakinuma, Kei Morikawa, Takeo Inoue, Hisashi Saji, Koichi Goto, Masamichi Mineshita
Cancer Science.2021; 112(1): 380. CrossRef
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Yitong Xu, Chenglong Wang, Xizi Jiang, Yao Zhang, Hongbo Su, Jun Jiang, Hongjiu Ren, Xueshan Qiu
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Sunhee Chang, Hyo Sup Shim, Tae Jung Kim, Yoon-La Choi, Wan Seop Kim, Dong Hoon Shin, Lucia Kim, Heae Surng Park, Geon Kook Lee, Chang Hun Lee
Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2021; 55(3): 181. CrossRef
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Concomitant Mutations in EGFR 19Del/L858R Mutation and Their Association with Response to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC Patients

Hengrui Liang, Caichen Li, Yi Zhao, Shen Zhao, Jun Huang, Xiuyu Cai, Bo Cheng, Shan Xiong, Jianfu Li, Wei Wang, Changbin Zhu, Weiwei Li, Jianxing He, Wenhua Liang
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Hyun Min Koh, Dae Hyun Song
Thoracic Cancer.2019; 10(2): 143. CrossRef
PD‐L1 expression in ROS1‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer: A study using simultaneous genotypic screening of EGFR, ALK, and ROS1
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Thoracic Cancer.2019; 10(1): 103. CrossRef
Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Validates the Use of Diagnostic Biopsies as a Suitable Alternative to Resection Material for Mutation Screening in Colorectal Cancer
Hersh A. Ham-Karim, Henry Okuchukwu Ebili, Kirsty Manger, Wakkas Fadhil, Narmeen S. Ahmad, Susan D. Richman, Mohammad Ilyas
Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy.2019; 23(3): 383. CrossRef
Small lung tumor biopsy samples are feasible for high quality targeted next generation sequencing
Hidenori Kage, Shinji Kohsaka, Aya Shinozaki‐Ushiku, Yoshihisa Hiraishi, Jiro Sato, Kazuhiro Nagayama, Tetsuo Ushiku, Daiya Takai, Jun Nakajima, Kiyoshi Miyagawa, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Hiroyuki Mano, Takahide Nagase
Cancer Science.2019; 110(8): 2652. CrossRef
PTEN in Lung Cancer: Dealing with the Problem, Building on New Knowledge and Turning the Game Around
Anastasios Gkountakos, Giulia Sartori, Italia Falcone, Geny Piro, Ludovica Ciuffreda, Carmine Carbone, Giampaolo Tortora, Aldo Scarpa, Emilio Bria, Michele Milella, Rafael Rosell, Vincenzo Corbo, Sara Pilotto
Cancers.2019; 11(8): 1141. CrossRef

Comprehensive Cytomorphologic Analysis of Pulmonary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: Comparison to Small Cell Carcinoma and Non-pulmonary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: Seokhwi Kim, Jinah Chu, Hojoong Kim, Joungho Han; J Pathol Transl Med. 2015;49(6):511-519. Published online October 19, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2015.09.07

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Abstract PDF

Background
Cytologic diagnosis of pulmonary adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is frequently challenging and differential diagnosis with small cell carcinoma is often difficult. Methods: Eleven cytologically diagnosed cases of pulmonary AdCC were collected and reviewed according to fifteen cytomorphologic characteristics: small cell size, cellular uniformity, coarse chromatin, hyperchromasia, distinct nucleolus, frequent nuclear molding, granular cytoplasm, organoid cluster, sheet formation, irregular border of cluster, hyaline globule, hyaline basement membrane material, individual cell necrosis or apoptotic body, and necrotic background. Twenty cases of small cell carcinoma and fifteen cases of non-pulmonary AdCC were also reviewed for the comparison. Results: Statistically significant differences were identified between pulmonary AdCC and small cell carcinoma in fourteen of the fifteen cytomorphologic criteria (differences in sheet formation were not statistically significant). Cellular uniformity, distinct nucleolus, granular cytoplasm, distinct cell border, organoid cluster, hyaline globule, and hyaline basement membrane material were characteristic features of AdCC. Frequent nuclear molding, individual cell necrosis, and necrotic background were almost exclusively identified in small cell carcinoma. Although coarse chromatin and irregular cluster border were observed in both, they favored the diagnosis of small cell carcinoma. Hyaline globules were more frequently seen in non-pulmonary AdCC cases. Conclusions: Using the fifteen cytomorphologic criteria described by this study, pulmonary AdCC could be successfully distinguished from small cell carcinoma. Such a comprehensive approach to an individual case is recommended for the cytologic diagnosis of pulmonary AdCC.

Citations

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Recent developments in the pathology of primary pulmonary salivary gland‐type tumours
Julia R Naso, Anja C Roden
Histopathology.2024; 84(1): 102. CrossRef
Bronchial cytology of pulmonary adenoid cystic carcinoma – A multi-institute series with emphasis on immunocytochemistry
Joanna K.M. Ng, Ka Pang Chan, Gary M. Tse, Joshua J.X. Li
Annals of Diagnostic Pathology.2023; 64: 152132. CrossRef
Pulmonary adenoid cystic carcinoma: molecular characteristics and literature review
Zhixin Chen, Jiapeng Jiang, Ying Fan, Hongyang Lu
Diagnostic Pathology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Recent updates in salivary gland tumors of the lung
Anja C. Roden
Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology.2021; 38(5): 98. CrossRef
Cytology of Primary Salivary Gland-Type Tumors of the Lower Respiratory Tract: Report of 15 Cases and Review of the Literature
Chiara Saglietti, Marco Volante, Stefano La Rosa, Igor Letovanec, Marc Pusztaszeri, Gaia Gatti, Massimo Bongiovanni
Frontiers in Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef

Bronchial Schwannomas: Clinicopathologic Analysis of 7 Cases: Yoon Yang Jung, Min Eui Hong, Joungho Han, Tae Sung Kim, Jhingook Kim, Young-Mog Shim, Hojoong Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(4):326-331. Published online August 26, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.4.326

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60 Download
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Abstract PDF

Background

It has long been recognized that bronchial schwannomas are extremely rare. As such, diagnosing tumors in this extraordinary location can sometimes be problematic.

Methods

We reviewed seven cases of bronchoscopically or surgically resected endobronchial schwannomas and evaluated their clinical and pathologic features.

Results

The present study included five female and two male patients, with ages ranging from 16 to 81 years (mean age, 44.9 years). The clinical presentation varied according to tumor size and location. Patients with more centrally (trachea or main bronchus) located tumors experienced respiratory symptoms (80%) more often than patients with more peripherally (lobar or segmental bronchus) located tumors (0%). Histologically, the tumors were composed of spindle cells that stained with S100 protein. Some of the tumors showed typical Antoni A areas with Verocay body formation. Five of six patients (83.3%) underwent complete tumor removal by rigid bronchoscopy.

Conclusions

Pathologists should consider endobronchial schwannoma in the differential diagnosis of a spindle cell tumor involving the bronchus. Additionally, our results showed that rigid bronchoscopy is an effective tool for tumor removal in endobronchial schwannoma patients.

Citations

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